Objective:

To evaluate the impact of application timing on the efficacy of new and standard fungicide products. 

Materials and Methods:

Five fungicide products were applied to coincide with spring herbicide timing or at flag leaf stage to evaluate the effect of application timing on the control of stripe rust. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Decade winter wheat was planted on a 7.5 inch row spacing to a depth of two inches on October 1, 2015. Fungicide treatments were applied the following spring using a CO2 backpack sprayer with Teejet XR11002 nozzles in 20 GPA of water. The herbicide timing treatments were applied on April 15 when the wheat was at the two-tiller stage and seven inches tall. The flag leaf treatments were applied on May 13 when the crop was 22 inches in height.

Results:

Stripe rust infection was observed early in the spring, with symptoms becoming more severe as the season progressed. Initially at the May 18 rating stripe rust infection was less where fungicide treatments had been applied at herbicide timing. However, the flag leaf treatments proved to be more beneficial in suppressing stripe rust as the season progressed. On average, herbicide timing treatments had an infection level of 69% and yielded 57 bu/A compared to an infection level of 40% and 84 bu/A for the flag leaf treatments.

Summary:

Of the early application treatments, Quilt Xcel was the only product to produce yields significantly greater than the check. Nevertheless, the greatest efficacy and highest yields were associated with the flag leaf application timing. Trivapro afforded the greatest control of stripe rust. However, tebuconazole produced yields equivalent to the newer fungicides. 

Table 1. Materials and Methods.

Julian Date: 275 Julian Date: 228
Seeding Rate: 100 lb/A Soil Type:  Creston SiL
Previous Crop: Spring Wheat Soil Test:  209-32-244-34
Tillage: Conventional Fertilizer: BC: 9-40-40, TD: 75-0-40
Herbicide: Huskie 11 oz/A + Axial 16.4 oz/A + NIS 1 qt/100 gal + UAN 28% 1qt/A

Table 2. Effect of Fungicide application timing on agronomic performance of winter wheat, Kalispell, MT - 2016.

        Percent Stripe Rust HT LOD YLD1 PRO2 TWT1 TKW1 FN
Treatment Rate 5/2 5/18 5/28 6/3 7/1 in. % bu/A % lb/bu g sec
Check   2.0 21.7 50.0 78.3 60 45.5 0 45.2 12.20 48.6 23.4 417.0
                                                                Herbicide Timing
Alto 4 fl oz/A 0.3 7.7 10.7 34.3 62.7 47.1 33.3 59.3 12.87 50.1 27.7 410.0
Quilt Xcel 7 fl oz/A 0.3 4.3 11.0 48.3 71.7 48.3 15.0 65.6 12.71 49.9 27.4 417.8
Trivapro 9.4 fl oz/A 0.3 5.0 11.3 56.0 62.7 47.5 2.7 50.5 12.80 48.3 24.8 417.8
Priaxor 2 fl oz/A 0.0 6.3 28.3 62.3 67.3 47.9 10.0 56.0 12.50 47.7 24.4 420.0
Tebuconazole 2 fl oz/A 0.0 5.0 15.7 55.7 78.7 48.8 18.0 54.2 12.37 48.6 25.2 416.2
Mean 0.2 5.7 15.4 51.3 68.6 47.9 15.8 57.1 12.65 48.9 25.9 416.4
                                                                         Flagleaf
Alto 4 fl oz/A 1.3 14.3 8.7 7.0 46.3 49.2 28.3 81.1 12.20 53.6 33.0 404.0
Quilt Xcel 10.5 fl oz/A 1.0 28.7 13.3 10.0 42.7 50.3 32.7 84.9 12.93 54.1 35.0 408.3
Trivapro 13.7 fl oz/A 2.0 26.3 20.0 9.3 23.7 50.0 40.0 89.7 11.71 55.5 36.5 393.6
Priaxor 4 fl oz/A 1.0 38.3 27.0 18.7 39.3 48.9 22.0 77.4 12.53 53.0 32.4 399.6
Tebuconazole 4 fl oz/A 1.0 36.7 33.3 17.3 48.7 47.0 6.0 86.1 12.56 55.5 35.6 398.0
Mean 1.3 28.9 20.5 12.5 40.1 49.1 25.8 83.8 12.39 54.2 34.5 400.7
Grand Mean 0.9 17.7 20.9 36.1 54.9 48.2 18.9 68.2 12.49 51.3 29.6 409.3
CV 126.8 70.0 49.7 38.1 24.1 3.3 139.2 14.7 6.53 3.4 8.6 4.4
LSD ns 21.1 17.6 23.4 22.6 2.7 ns 17.0 ns 3.0 4.3 ns
Pr>F 0.2736 0.0094 0.0020 0.0001 0.0021 0.0467 0.6394 0.0001 0.8111 0.0001 0.0001 0.6277

HT: height; LOD: lodging; YLD: yield; PRO: protein; TWT: test weight; TKW: thousand kernel weight; FN: falling number; ns: non-significant

1 adjusted to 13% moisture

2 adjusted to 12% moisture